B\u00c0I G\u1ed0C TI\u1ebeNG VI\u1ec6T<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\u00a0K\u1ebe HO\u1ea0CH HO\u00c1 GIA \u0110\u00ccNH T\u1ea0I VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9, tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:
\na) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5
\nb) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong h\u00e0i nhi
\nc) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i.
\nd) V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai.
\nM\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m t\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u0103ng 2% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eeba thai h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.
\ne) V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 con.<\/li>\n - \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111ang \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh con.<\/li>\n
- M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2,000 \u0111\u1ed3ng cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 10 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba thai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, thi\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n
- Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1nh thai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec v\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
- 80% ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n d\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n, bao cao su, thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai…<\/li>\n
- Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea y t\u1ebf th\u00ec trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
- Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng qua ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t (50.000 ca) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00f2ng c\u00e1c vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c QUINACRINE trong bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eed cung.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ng\u1eeba thai su\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
![\"thuc](\"https:\/\/bkmos.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/thuc-hanh-dich-thuat-tieng-anh-bao-chi-bai-1-242x109.jpg\")
Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt Ti\u1ebfng Anh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed bai 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nPH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH V\u00c0 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN D\u1ecaCH THU\u1eacT<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- S\u1ef1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec = planning (NU). (= making plans for something). K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh = family planning (n) (= s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh thai \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 con trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh) (= the practice of using contraception to limit the number of children in a family…). Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb = town planning (= vi\u1ec7c quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ebd ki\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean.v.v… t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3) (= the planning and design of all the new buildings, roads, bridges, parks, and so on in a place in order to make them attractive and convenient for the people who live there).<\/li>\n
- \u1ee6y ban Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb = The Town Planning Committee.<\/li>\n
- Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u00e0 = planning Permission (esp. Brit) (= gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda nh\u00e0) (= a licence that you must get from the local authority before you can build a house or make an extension to an existing building.).
\nEg: * B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 xin gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0a? = Have you applied for planning permission?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9, tr\u1ebb em = the mother and children health care; the maternal and child health care…
\nEg: * D\u00ec n\u0103m b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em T\u00e2n B\u00ecnh = Aunt Nam is ill and undergoing treatment at Tan Binh Mother and Children Health (Care) Center.<\/li>\n - \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 = to be regarded as. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay regarded = considered; deemed; seen; examined; believed; thought about…
\nEg: T\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta = Tam is thought about as one of our City\u2019s brightest pupils.<\/li>\n - M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 qu\u1ed1c gia – an important national programme; a nationwide program of great importance; a key program over the whole territory of Vietnam ho\u1eb7c… over the whole Vietnamese territory…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t = one of the first priorities; one of the highest claims; one of the most urgent needs (= requirements…)… Eg: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 = these questions take precedence (= priority) of (or over) all others ho\u1eb7c: these questions must be considered first.
\n* Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i = The social economic development program(me) ho\u1eb7c: the socio-economic growth plan (n)…<\/li>\n - T\u1eeb nay \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000 = from now to the year 2000; up to the year 2000; till the year 2000…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 3<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m = c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch: The objectives (= targets; purposes; goals; aims (n)…) of this planning can be listed as follows: …ho\u1eb7c
\nThe items of this issue include: (= consist of; embrace; to be composed of; to be made up of,.) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea7n h\u01a1n: This planning aims at:
\na) – Reduction of the maternal… (= cutting down the maternal mortality rate).
\nd) = Promotion for higher acceptability of… (= promoting the acceptability of…).
\ne) – Promotion for the realization… (= Encouraging the realization…).<\/li>\n - T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5: the maternal mortality rate.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong h\u00e0i nhi: the infant mortality rate.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: the malnutrition rate.<\/li>\n
- V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng = \u2022 To promote \uf0e0: promotion, (n)
\n\u2022 To encourage \uf0e0 : encouragement (n)
\n\u2022 To support \uf0e0 : support…(n)
\nEg: Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean (= v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng; khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch…) r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i = Her words were a great encouragement to me.
\nV\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai – to support more people who use (ho\u1eb7c thay who use = using) contraceptive pills.
\nContraceptive = (n) & (adj.) \u2013 1\/ d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thu\u1ed1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee5 thai (= drug, device, or method used as a means of preventing conception). 2\/ (adj.) = tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee5 thai, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee5 thai… (= preventing conception (= s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 thai).<\/li>\n - L\u00fac th\u1ee5 thai = the moment of conception.<\/li>\n
- C\u00f4 n\u00e0ng v\u1ee1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (= s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 thai c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn) = Her conception is unplanned to conceive (vi) & (vt): th\u1ee5 thai; mang thai, c\u00f3 thai… (… to become pregnant). Eg: \u0110\u1ee9a b\u00e9 th\u1ee5 thai v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng ba v\u00e0 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai = The baby was conceived in March and born in December.
\nB\u00e0 x\u00e3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f4 n\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 thai = His wife was told she couldn\u2019t conceive.
\n\u2022 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eeba thai = the contraceptive prevalence rate, (prevalence [n] [U] = s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn [= state of being seen or done everywhere]).<\/li>\n - T\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bu\u00f4n l\u00e0ng mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai… = The prevalence of malaria in mountainous villages…<\/li>\n
- M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn… h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch… and the contraceptive prevalence rate will be increased by 2% per year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch l\u1edbn = a big challenge; a great difficulty…<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng = a couple; a (young) man and his wife.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh con = reproductive age. (To reproduce = to produce young [n]. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch: it is a big challenge for all couples, people in their reproductive age… ho\u1eb7c: It is a great difficulty to those who are in their reproductive age…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 5<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 = the investment; the sum of money invested in family planning…
\n\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh = to estimate; to calculate (sth) approximately; to form a judgement about…
\nEg: H\u00e3ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 c\u0103n nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 800 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng VN = Our firm estimated the cost of that new house at VND 800 million.
\nT\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ta l\u00e0 20 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng = Approximately, I calculate her income at VND 20 million per month.
\n\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh… cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (= ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 2.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng…) = it (the investment; the amount) has been only 2,000 Vietnamese dong per capita…<\/li>\n - Nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 = the real need; the factual requirement; the real demand…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 6<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p = provider(n), supplier(n)…<\/li>\n
- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng = user(n).
\nEg: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n = the electricity user. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i = the telephone user. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y = the motor-bike user…<\/li>\n - Thi\u1ebfu: to face with shortage of; to lack; to want; to need; to be short of… Eg: C\u00f4ng ty b\u00e0 ta \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n = Her company is lacking capital. Con m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n c\u00e2n thi\u1ebfu = She gave short weight B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu bao nhi\u00eau b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc? = How many lessons have you missed? C\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu 2 b\u1ea1n = two friends are still missing (c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb THI\u1ebeU, tu\u1ef3 theo ngh\u0129a. Ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong t\u1eebng ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh [context] m\u1edbi d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c).<\/li>\n
- Th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t = the most recent information: the latest news; up-to-date information…<\/li>\n
- \u00a0Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba thai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i = knowledge (= awareness) of modern contraceptive methods. L\u01b0u \u00fd: ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 … \u201cv\u1ec1\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean d\u1ecbch = OF ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch = about).
\nEg: Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng Hoa c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n l\u1eafm = my knowledge of Chinese is still very poor. B\u00e0 ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 = Her grandmother has a detailed knowledge of that period.<\/li>\n - Thu\u1ed1c = medicine (n) (= thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng); medicament (n) (= thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c xoa l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi); remedy (n) = thu\u1ed1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c); drug (n) (= thu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c…). Tuy nhi\u00ean \u201cthu\u1ed1c\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean d\u1ecbch = supplies (pl.n) (= medical supplies = ngu\u1ed3n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p).
\nEg: Tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng l\u00e2m n\u1ea1n = Helicopters are dropping supplies for the stranded villagers. (Supplies \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m: food, fuel & drug… supplies).<\/li>\n - Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn (= kh\u00f4ng (c\u00f3) m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn) = no counselling system, no advising network…
\nThi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n: lack (n) of sterilization skill and equipment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 7<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- V\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai = Intra – Uterine Device (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: IUD) (= a plastic loop or spiral inserted in the uterus as a contraceptivef (= v\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh xo\u1eafn tr\u00f4n \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o trong t\u1eed cung nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh thai).
\nIntra (prefix) = th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a: trong, b\u00ean trong (= within, on the inside).
\nEg: Intra + muscular (adj.) \uf0e0 intramuscular
\n(b\u00ean. trong) (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt) \uf0e0 (b\u00ean trong b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt)
\nIntra + State (adj) \uf0e0 intra-state (esp. US)
\n(b\u00ean trong) (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u bang), (b\u00ean trong ti\u1ec3u bang)
\nIntra-state highways = c\u00e1c xa l\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m trong ti\u1ec3u bang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 8<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n = women in the countryside; countiy- women…<\/li>\n
- Thay v\u00ec (d\u00f9ng) = (kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch \u201cd\u00f9ng”) instead of… Eg: Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u1edf nh\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u = He has been playing all afternoon instead of doing his homework. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i thay b\u1ea1n = I will go instead of you (L\u01b0u \u00fd: INSTEAD c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 \u201cadverb”.
\nEg: * Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u00d4ng d\u00f9ng bia thay th\u1ebf nh\u00e9? = We have no brandy. Would you like beer instead?)<\/li>\n - Tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n = to sterilize, -ise [sterdaiz] Eg: Sau \u0111\u1ee9a con th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n = After her fourth child she decided to be sterilized (ho\u1eb7c to have herself sterilised). \u2013 S\u1ef1 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n = sterilization – isation. Eg: T\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 4 con c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng? = Is sterilization compulsory for parents of more than 4 children in your country?<\/li>\n
- Bao cao su = Condom. (= a rubber covering which a man wears on his penis during sexual intercourse. It is used as a contraceptive and as a protection against catching or spreading diseases such as AIDS.)<\/li>\n
- Thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai = pills kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch \u201ccontraceptive pill” ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1eabn hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 9<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea y t\u1ebf = the medical statistics<\/li>\n
- Trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay = over (ho\u1eb7c winthin) ten first months of this year.<\/li>\n
- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n (= ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n) = sterilization user, person who uses sterilisation; sterilized people (= ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n)…<\/li>\n
- So v\u1edbi = in comparison with (ho\u1eb7c to); compared with (ho\u1eb7c to).
\nEg: Chi\u1ebfc xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a m\u00e0y = Her motor-bike is much better than yours ho\u1eb7c …is good compared with yours.<\/li>\n - \u00a0C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i = the same period of Last year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 10<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng qua ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt = The non- surgical methods for sterilisation.<\/li>\n
- Bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eed cung = uterine cavity.<\/li>\n
- Vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c (\u0111\u1eb7t trong bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eed cung) = pellet (= lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, vi\u00ean tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 tan) (= kind of pill made of soft material).<\/li>\n
- B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c… t\u1eed cung: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch… by putting quinacrine pellets into the uterine cavity ho\u1eb7c … by using quinacrine pellets inserted (= placed; fitted…) into the uterine cavity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 11<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t = The greatest success; the achievement of great importance.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ng\u1eeba thai = All studies on contraception – c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u201cstudies\u201d = scientific tests; experiments…<\/li>\n
- Th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 = decade (n) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecdc [d\u00e9keid] [d\u00e9kcd] ho\u1eb7c [dik\u00e9id].
\nDecade l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 10 n\u00ean c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eadp ni\u00ean\u201d (= a period of ten years). Eg: T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 80… = Since the early 1980s… Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 = The last decade of the 19th century (t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb 1890 \u0111\u1ebfn 1899).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nB\u00c0I D\u1ecaCH THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\nTHE FAMILY PLANNING IN VIETNAM<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- The maternal and child health care and family planning is considered as an important national programme in Vietnam.<\/li>\n
- It is one of the first priorities of the social economic development programme of the country.<\/li>\n
- The objectives of this planning can be listed as follows:
\na) Reduction of the maternal mortality rate.
\nb) Reduction of the infant mortality rate.
\nc) Reduction of the malnutrition rate of under five children.
\nd) Promotion for higher acceptability of contraceptive. The target is to increase the contraceptive prevalence rate by 2% annually.
\ne) Promotion for the realization of small family size one or two children.<\/li>\n - It is a big challenge for all couples, people in their reproductive age.<\/li>\n
- The investment for family planning is still very low. It has been only 2,000 Vietnamese dong per capita, though the real need was estimated at about 10,000 Vietnamese dong.<\/li>\n
- Both providers and users are facing with shortage of up-to- date information and knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, of supplies, no counselling system, lack of sterilization skill and equipment<\/li>\n
- Among modern contraceptives, the Ultra- uterine device is the first place of choice.<\/li>\n
- Eighty per cent of the Vietnamese women in the countryside use the intra uterine devices instead of other modern methods such as sterilization, condoms, pills…<\/li>\n
- According to the medical statistics, over 10 first months of this year, the number of sterilization users increases 5 times in comparison with the same period of last year.<\/li>\n
- \u00a0Vietnam has the biggest quantity (50,000 cases) of women who used the non- surgical methods for sterilization by using quinacrine pellets inserted into the uterine cavity.<\/li>\n
- This is the greatest success among all the studies on contraception during last decades.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
- \n
- Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9, tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:
\na) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5
\nb) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong h\u00e0i nhi
\nc) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i.
\nd) V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai.
\nM\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m t\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u0103ng 2% t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eeba thai h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.
\ne) V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 con.<\/li>\n - \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111ang \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh con.<\/li>\n
- M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2,000 \u0111\u1ed3ng cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 10 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n
- C\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba thai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, thi\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, thi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n
- Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1nh thai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec v\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
- 80% ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n d\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n, bao cao su, thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai…<\/li>\n
- Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea y t\u1ebf th\u00ec trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
- Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng qua ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t (50.000 ca) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00f2ng c\u00e1c vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c QUINACRINE trong bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eed cung.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ng\u1eeba thai su\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt Ti\u1ebfng Anh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed bai 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n PH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH V\u00c0 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN D\u1ecaCH THU\u1eacT<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- S\u1ef1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec = planning (NU). (= making plans for something). K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh = family planning (n) (= s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh thai \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 con trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh) (= the practice of using contraception to limit the number of children in a family…). Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb = town planning (= vi\u1ec7c quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ebd ki\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean.v.v… t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3) (= the planning and design of all the new buildings, roads, bridges, parks, and so on in a place in order to make them attractive and convenient for the people who live there).<\/li>\n
- \u1ee6y ban Quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb = The Town Planning Committee.<\/li>\n
- Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u00e0 = planning Permission (esp. Brit) (= gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda nh\u00e0) (= a licence that you must get from the local authority before you can build a house or make an extension to an existing building.).
\nEg: * B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 xin gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0a? = Have you applied for planning permission?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9, tr\u1ebb em = the mother and children health care; the maternal and child health care…
\nEg: * D\u00ec n\u0103m b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em T\u00e2n B\u00ecnh = Aunt Nam is ill and undergoing treatment at Tan Binh Mother and Children Health (Care) Center.<\/li>\n - \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 = to be regarded as. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay regarded = considered; deemed; seen; examined; believed; thought about…
\nEg: T\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta = Tam is thought about as one of our City\u2019s brightest pupils.<\/li>\n - M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 qu\u1ed1c gia – an important national programme; a nationwide program of great importance; a key program over the whole territory of Vietnam ho\u1eb7c… over the whole Vietnamese territory…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 2<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t = one of the first priorities; one of the highest claims; one of the most urgent needs (= requirements…)… Eg: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 = these questions take precedence (= priority) of (or over) all others ho\u1eb7c: these questions must be considered first.
\n* Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i = The social economic development program(me) ho\u1eb7c: the socio-economic growth plan (n)…<\/li>\n - T\u1eeb nay \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000 = from now to the year 2000; up to the year 2000; till the year 2000…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 3<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m = c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch: The objectives (= targets; purposes; goals; aims (n)…) of this planning can be listed as follows: …ho\u1eb7c
\nThe items of this issue include: (= consist of; embrace; to be composed of; to be made up of,.) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea7n h\u01a1n: This planning aims at:
\na) – Reduction of the maternal… (= cutting down the maternal mortality rate).
\nd) = Promotion for higher acceptability of… (= promoting the acceptability of…).
\ne) – Promotion for the realization… (= Encouraging the realization…).<\/li>\n - T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5: the maternal mortality rate.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong h\u00e0i nhi: the infant mortality rate.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: the malnutrition rate.<\/li>\n
- V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng = \u2022 To promote \uf0e0: promotion, (n)
\n\u2022 To encourage \uf0e0 : encouragement (n)
\n\u2022 To support \uf0e0 : support…(n)
\nEg: Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean (= v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng; khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch…) r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i = Her words were a great encouragement to me.
\nV\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai – to support more people who use (ho\u1eb7c thay who use = using) contraceptive pills.
\nContraceptive = (n) & (adj.) \u2013 1\/ d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thu\u1ed1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee5 thai (= drug, device, or method used as a means of preventing conception). 2\/ (adj.) = tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee5 thai, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee5 thai… (= preventing conception (= s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 thai).<\/li>\n - L\u00fac th\u1ee5 thai = the moment of conception.<\/li>\n
- C\u00f4 n\u00e0ng v\u1ee1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch (= s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 thai c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn) = Her conception is unplanned to conceive (vi) & (vt): th\u1ee5 thai; mang thai, c\u00f3 thai… (… to become pregnant). Eg: \u0110\u1ee9a b\u00e9 th\u1ee5 thai v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng ba v\u00e0 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai = The baby was conceived in March and born in December.
\nB\u00e0 x\u00e3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f4 n\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 thai = His wife was told she couldn\u2019t conceive.
\n\u2022 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1eeba thai = the contraceptive prevalence rate, (prevalence [n] [U] = s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn [= state of being seen or done everywhere]).<\/li>\n - T\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bu\u00f4n l\u00e0ng mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai… = The prevalence of malaria in mountainous villages…<\/li>\n
- M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn… h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch… and the contraceptive prevalence rate will be increased by 2% per year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 4<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Th\u1eed th\u00e1ch l\u1edbn = a big challenge; a great difficulty…<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng = a couple; a (young) man and his wife.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh con = reproductive age. (To reproduce = to produce young [n]. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch: it is a big challenge for all couples, people in their reproductive age… ho\u1eb7c: It is a great difficulty to those who are in their reproductive age…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 5<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 = the investment; the sum of money invested in family planning…
\n\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh = to estimate; to calculate (sth) approximately; to form a judgement about…
\nEg: H\u00e3ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 c\u0103n nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 800 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng VN = Our firm estimated the cost of that new house at VND 800 million.
\nT\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ta l\u00e0 20 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng = Approximately, I calculate her income at VND 20 million per month.
\n\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh… cho m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi (= ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 2.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng…) = it (the investment; the amount) has been only 2,000 Vietnamese dong per capita…<\/li>\n - Nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 = the real need; the factual requirement; the real demand…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 6<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p = provider(n), supplier(n)…<\/li>\n
- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng = user(n).
\nEg: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n = the electricity user. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i = the telephone user. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y = the motor-bike user…<\/li>\n - Thi\u1ebfu: to face with shortage of; to lack; to want; to need; to be short of… Eg: C\u00f4ng ty b\u00e0 ta \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n = Her company is lacking capital. Con m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n c\u00e2n thi\u1ebfu = She gave short weight B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu bao nhi\u00eau b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc? = How many lessons have you missed? C\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu 2 b\u1ea1n = two friends are still missing (c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb THI\u1ebeU, tu\u1ef3 theo ngh\u0129a. Ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong t\u1eebng ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh [context] m\u1edbi d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c).<\/li>\n
- Th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t = the most recent information: the latest news; up-to-date information…<\/li>\n
- \u00a0Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba thai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i = knowledge (= awareness) of modern contraceptive methods. L\u01b0u \u00fd: ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 … \u201cv\u1ec1\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean d\u1ecbch = OF ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch = about).
\nEg: Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng Hoa c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n l\u1eafm = my knowledge of Chinese is still very poor. B\u00e0 ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 = Her grandmother has a detailed knowledge of that period.<\/li>\n - Thu\u1ed1c = medicine (n) (= thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng); medicament (n) (= thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c xoa l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi); remedy (n) = thu\u1ed1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c); drug (n) (= thu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c…). Tuy nhi\u00ean \u201cthu\u1ed1c\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean d\u1ecbch = supplies (pl.n) (= medical supplies = ngu\u1ed3n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p).
\nEg: Tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng l\u00e2m n\u1ea1n = Helicopters are dropping supplies for the stranded villagers. (Supplies \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m: food, fuel & drug… supplies).<\/li>\n - Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn (= kh\u00f4ng (c\u00f3) m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn) = no counselling system, no advising network…
\nThi\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n: lack (n) of sterilization skill and equipment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 7<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- V\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai = Intra – Uterine Device (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: IUD) (= a plastic loop or spiral inserted in the uterus as a contraceptivef (= v\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh xo\u1eafn tr\u00f4n \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o trong t\u1eed cung nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh thai).
\nIntra (prefix) = th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a: trong, b\u00ean trong (= within, on the inside).
\nEg: Intra + muscular (adj.) \uf0e0 intramuscular
\n(b\u00ean. trong) (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt) \uf0e0 (b\u00ean trong b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt)
\nIntra + State (adj) \uf0e0 intra-state (esp. US)
\n(b\u00ean trong) (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u bang), (b\u00ean trong ti\u1ec3u bang)
\nIntra-state highways = c\u00e1c xa l\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m trong ti\u1ec3u bang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 8<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n = women in the countryside; countiy- women…<\/li>\n
- Thay v\u00ec (d\u00f9ng) = (kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch \u201cd\u00f9ng”) instead of… Eg: Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u1edf nh\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ch\u01a1i su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u = He has been playing all afternoon instead of doing his homework. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i thay b\u1ea1n = I will go instead of you (L\u01b0u \u00fd: INSTEAD c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 \u201cadverb”.
\nEg: * Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u00d4ng d\u00f9ng bia thay th\u1ebf nh\u00e9? = We have no brandy. Would you like beer instead?)<\/li>\n - Tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n = to sterilize, -ise [sterdaiz] Eg: Sau \u0111\u1ee9a con th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n = After her fourth child she decided to be sterilized (ho\u1eb7c to have herself sterilised). \u2013 S\u1ef1 tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n = sterilization – isation. Eg: T\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 4 con c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng? = Is sterilization compulsory for parents of more than 4 children in your country?<\/li>\n
- Bao cao su = Condom. (= a rubber covering which a man wears on his penis during sexual intercourse. It is used as a contraceptive and as a protection against catching or spreading diseases such as AIDS.)<\/li>\n
- Thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai = pills kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch \u201ccontraceptive pill” ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1eabn hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 9<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea y t\u1ebf = the medical statistics<\/li>\n
- Trong v\u00f2ng m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m nay = over (ho\u1eb7c winthin) ten first months of this year.<\/li>\n
- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n (= ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n) = sterilization user, person who uses sterilisation; sterilized people (= ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n)…<\/li>\n
- So v\u1edbi = in comparison with (ho\u1eb7c to); compared with (ho\u1eb7c to).
\nEg: Chi\u1ebfc xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a m\u00e0y = Her motor-bike is much better than yours ho\u1eb7c …is good compared with yours.<\/li>\n - \u00a0C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i = the same period of Last year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 10<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng qua ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt = The non- surgical methods for sterilisation.<\/li>\n
- Bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eed cung = uterine cavity.<\/li>\n
- Vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c (\u0111\u1eb7t trong bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eed cung) = pellet (= lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, vi\u00ean tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 tan) (= kind of pill made of soft material).<\/li>\n
- B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c… t\u1eed cung: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch… by putting quinacrine pellets into the uterine cavity ho\u1eb7c … by using quinacrine pellets inserted (= placed; fitted…) into the uterine cavity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 11<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
- \n
- Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t = The greatest success; the achievement of great importance.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ng\u1eeba thai = All studies on contraception – c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u201cstudies\u201d = scientific tests; experiments…<\/li>\n
- Th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 = decade (n) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecdc [d\u00e9keid] [d\u00e9kcd] ho\u1eb7c [dik\u00e9id].
\nDecade l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 10 n\u00ean c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eadp ni\u00ean\u201d (= a period of ten years). Eg: T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 80… = Since the early 1980s… Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 = The last decade of the 19th century (t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb 1890 \u0111\u1ebfn 1899).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nB\u00c0I D\u1ecaCH THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
THE FAMILY PLANNING IN VIETNAM<\/strong><\/p>\n
- \n
- The maternal and child health care and family planning is considered as an important national programme in Vietnam.<\/li>\n
- It is one of the first priorities of the social economic development programme of the country.<\/li>\n
- The objectives of this planning can be listed as follows:
\na) Reduction of the maternal mortality rate.
\nb) Reduction of the infant mortality rate.
\nc) Reduction of the malnutrition rate of under five children.
\nd) Promotion for higher acceptability of contraceptive. The target is to increase the contraceptive prevalence rate by 2% annually.
\ne) Promotion for the realization of small family size one or two children.<\/li>\n - It is a big challenge for all couples, people in their reproductive age.<\/li>\n
- The investment for family planning is still very low. It has been only 2,000 Vietnamese dong per capita, though the real need was estimated at about 10,000 Vietnamese dong.<\/li>\n
- Both providers and users are facing with shortage of up-to- date information and knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, of supplies, no counselling system, lack of sterilization skill and equipment<\/li>\n
- Among modern contraceptives, the Ultra- uterine device is the first place of choice.<\/li>\n
- Eighty per cent of the Vietnamese women in the countryside use the intra uterine devices instead of other modern methods such as sterilization, condoms, pills…<\/li>\n
- According to the medical statistics, over 10 first months of this year, the number of sterilization users increases 5 times in comparison with the same period of last year.<\/li>\n
- \u00a0Vietnam has the biggest quantity (50,000 cases) of women who used the non- surgical methods for sterilization by using quinacrine pellets inserted into the uterine cavity.<\/li>\n
- This is the greatest success among all the studies on contraception during last decades.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
- V\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh thai = Intra – Uterine Device (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: IUD) (= a plastic loop or spiral inserted in the uterus as a contraceptivef (= v\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh xo\u1eafn tr\u00f4n \u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o trong t\u1eed cung nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh thai).
- M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 = the investment; the sum of money invested in family planning…
- C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m = c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch: The objectives (= targets; purposes; goals; aims (n)…) of this planning can be listed as follows: …ho\u1eb7c
- M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t = one of the first priorities; one of the highest claims; one of the most urgent needs (= requirements…)… Eg: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 = these questions take precedence (= priority) of (or over) all others ho\u1eb7c: these questions must be considered first.
- Vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9, tr\u1ebb em = the mother and children health care; the maternal and child health care…