B\u00c0I G\u1ed0C TI\u1ebeNG VI\u1ec6T<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\nNG\u00c2N H\u00c0NG N\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kinh doanh ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, trung h\u1ea1n, ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/li>\n
- Ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1ed1n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn v\u1ed1n u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng EC “t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng”, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh “cho vay h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0-Lan”, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh “t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh FAD…<\/li>\n
- V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 80, t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kho\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n
- Song m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t do thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c “\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc” v\u1eadt t\u01b0 cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch, n\u1ea1n cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
- Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh gay g\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m th\u1eed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho vay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n
- \u00a0Cho vay h\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t: t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y trong, s\u00fac v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u1ea1n cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i.<\/li>\n
- \u00a0Quy m\u00f4 cho vay m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. Nh\u1edd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho vay m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m \u0103n thua l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
- Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng cho vay tr\u1ef1c li\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
![\"thuc](\"https:\/\/bkmos.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/thuc-hanh-dich-thuat-tieng-anh-tai-chinh-bai-so-2-242x109.jpg\")
Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt Ti\u1ebfng Anh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u00e0i 2: NG\u00c2N H\u00c0NG N\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nPH\u00c2N T\u00cdCH V\u00c0 H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN D\u1ecaCH THU\u1eacT\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u00eat Nam = Vietnam Bank for Agriculture ho\u1eb7c Vietnam Agricultural Bank; the Agricultural Bank of Vietnam; the Vietnamese Bank for Agriculture…<\/li>\n
- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n = Bank for Reconstruction and Development.<\/li>\n
- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 = Asian Development Bank.<\/li>\n
- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecba \u1ed1c = Land Bank<\/li>\n
- Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng k\u00fd th\u00e1c = Bank of Deposit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc = State business.
\nAnh ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0103n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh = He tries not to let business influence (ho\u1eb7c interfere with) his home life.<\/li>\n - Business is business: Kinh doanh l\u00e0 kinh doanh (= \u0103n cho, bu\u00f4n so) (= trong chuy\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, l\u00e0m \u0103n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn. [in financial and commercial matters one must not be influenced by friendship, pity etc…]. R\u1ea1p h\u00e1t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng? = Does this theatre stay (= remain) in business? Kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng kinh doanh hai n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc = No, it went out of business two years ago ho\u1eb7c: No, it stopped trading…<\/li>\n
- Kinh doanh ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng = to trade in currency, credit and banking services…<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc = the economic sectors at home and abroad.<\/li>\n
- L\u00e0m u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c = to act as trustee\u1eca to be entrusted with; to be made responsible for; to have charge of… (Trustee (n) = ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c t\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3… [= someone (or firm…) with legal control of money or property that is kept for another person (or organization)].
\nNh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh = these children are too young to be entrusted with family money.
\n\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c cho anh ta = it was the heavy mission (that) the Minister had entrusted to him.<\/li>\n - C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, trung h\u1ea1n, ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n = long, middle, and short-term capital sources.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc: domestic foreign socio-economic organisations and individuals.<\/li>\n
- Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 (= cung c\u1ea5p t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3) = to provide (= to supply; to furnish…) credit support for… Ee: To provide a library with books = Cung c\u1ea5p s\u00e1ch cho m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n (= To provide books for a library).<\/li>\n
- N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n = rural areas; country areas (= regions; zones…) Eg: H\u01a1n 200 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n = Over 200 million dong was used to upgrade (= to improve) clean water supplies in rural areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1ed1n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng (= ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch huy \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n) = besides its operation by mobilising capital.<\/li>\n
- Nh\u1eadn v\u1ed1n \u1ee7y th\u00e1c = to receive capital in trust. (L\u01b0u \u00fd: in trust = (g\u1edfi) u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c; gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c] = kept as a trust; kept for another person or organization. On trust: tin \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra g\u00ec h\u1ebft = without proof or investigation) Eg: Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4n ngoan ch\u00fat n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tin b\u1eeba nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1eafn n\u00f3i = It would be unwise to take what he says on trust.
\n* T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1edfi u\u1ef7 th\u00e1c cho con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i = That property is being kept in trust for my daughter until she is twenty,
\n* Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng EC = the programme of European Community.
\n* T\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m = to settle (= to supply; to furnish; to provide…) employment for; to create occupations for; to give jobs to…
\n* Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng: the repatriated; the people sent back to Vietnam; the returnees…
\n* To repatriate = h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1edfi tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 (= to send back to their own country).
\nRepatriation (n) = S\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng (act of sending people back to their own country). Eg: Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 binh chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng t\u1edbi = The repatriation of these prisoners of war is going to be carried out next month.<\/li>\n - Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho vay h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n = the programme of providing loans for farmer households.
\nHousehold (n) = h\u1ed9 (= t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng chung trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1m tr\u00fa [all the people living in a house including lodgers…]). Eg * Ch\u1ec9 10% c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i TP H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh = Only 10% of households in Ho Chi Minh City owned a fridge.
\nHouseholder (n) = Ch\u1ee7 h\u1ed9 (= head of household).
\nEg * \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Qu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 h\u1ed9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u0169 l\u1ee5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng c\u1eedu Long – The district people’s Committee appealed to householders to help flood victims in Mekong Delta.<\/li>\n - Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi – the program me of credit of the world women Organization.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 3<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kho\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng = the policy of implementing product-based contract with workers.
\n– X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh = to affirm; to declare firmly, to assert; to state confidently cho\u1eb7c forcefully.
\nEg: \u2022 M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y = Everybody asserted his innocence.<\/li>\n - Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3 = Many a time, Vietnam has firmly declared its sovereignty over those islands.<\/li>\n
- \u00a0\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 = self-governing (= autonomous [adj.] economic units.
\n… \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c… = n\u00ean d\u00f9ng this ho\u1eb7c that (pron.) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m Subject cho “\u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra” = this had created (= produced…) a strong motive for the development… C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay motive (n) = impetus (n); impulse (n) nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd “prepositions” theo sau. Ta n\u00f3i: motive for, nh\u01b0ng “impetus” ho\u1eb7c impulse to.
\nEg: \u2022 Jealousy was his motive for attacking her = S\u1ef1 ghen tu\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0ng (= … his impetus to attack her).<\/li>\n - \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c m\u01b0u s\u00e1t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb = The motive for the murder was probably political. (= impulse to the murder…). C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c = driving force…<\/li>\n
- Nhu c\u1ea7u = requirement (n); need (n); (= demand (n).
\nEg: Nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea1i TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng = The need (- demand (n)…) for housing in Ho Ch\u1ec9 Minh City is increasing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U4<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Do = due to; owing to; because of…
\nEg: * Ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ec5 do xe c\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac = She arrived late due to (owing to; because of…) heavy traffic (= lots of vehicles on the street).
\n\u2022 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 = concrete encouraging policy. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay: encouraging = promoting; supporting… Trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay policy = principles (pl.n); rules (pl.n); practices (pin); regulations; instructions (pl.n); ways (pl.n)…
\nEg: Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5c vi\u00ean th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? = What is our Company’s policy on employing demobilised soldiers ? ho\u1eb7c = What are our Company’s principles (= rules; intructions…) on employing… H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch = policy planning council.<\/li>\n - C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd = managing mechanism; management structure…<\/li>\n
- Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c “\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt t\u01b0 cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n = the Government decides (= determines; resolves…) to put an end to the procedure of lending general materials to peasants ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: … the State decides not to advance general materials to farmers.<\/li>\n
- \u1ee8ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc = to advance; to lend…
\nEg: Anh ta \u0111\u00e3 xin \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng = He asked his employer to advance (= lend) him a month’s salary.
\nC\u00e1c Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mua h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n = The Agricultural Banks in Provinces often advance money to farmers for the purchase of seed and fertilizers.<\/li>\n - B\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch = pressing (adj.); urgent (adj.).
\nEg: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh doanh b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n anh ta \u0111i xa ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n = Pressing business matters prevented him from taking a holiday (= business matters that need to be dealt with immediately prevented…)<\/li>\n - Cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i = to lend money at heavy interest rate. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay “heavy” = exorbitant (adj.); unreasonable (adj); unusual (adj.); unexpected…<\/li>\n
- Cho vay c\u1eaft c\u1ed5 = to lend money at an excessive (= unbearable) rate of interest..
\n\u2022 C\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t = in terms of scale and interest rate. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay in terms of = in respect of; with special reference to (sth.) as regards sth (idiom)…
\nEg: * Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u00edt th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u00f4 n\u00e0ng = We have little information as regards her past. * v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n = As regards this point, I agree with you.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 5<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh gay g\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3 = facing this critical situation. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay facing = coping with; dealing with; meeting with… v\u00e0 critical situation = serious situation; difficult condition; decisive fact (event… th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh).
\nEg: \u2666 We are at a critical (= decisive) time in our history = Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.
\nThe patient’s condition is critical = T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u1eadt nguy k\u1ecbch (= He is very ill and may die).<\/li>\n - Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m th\u1eed ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho vay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n = to carry out a pilot programme by supplying direct loans for farmer households ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: to make an experiment.
\n(= a trial; a test…) on furnishing farmer households with direct loans… (L\u01b0u \u00fd: pilot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 (adj.) [attributive] = th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (= done as a test on a small scale in Oder to see whether it will be successful). Eg: A pilot project = m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. * We’re doing a pilot survey on this product; if it sells well, we’ll go into full production = Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0.<\/li>\n - \u00a0V\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u01a1ng = at plus interest rate. Ta n\u00f3i: at a rate; at the rate; at thatithis rate… Eg: * C\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f9ng nh\u1ef1a tr\u00f2n v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 50 chi\u1ebfc m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y = Our Company produces, platic barrels at a rate for 50 a day (ho\u1eb7c per day).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00c2U 6<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Cho vay h\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t = Vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vay th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p… = The lending to production households by Agricultural Banks…<\/li>\n
- Ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n = to deeply influence the socio-economic conditions in rural areas ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: to exert (= to make…) a deep influence (= a profound effect…) on the rural society. L\u01b0u \u00fd: to have, to exert… an influence ho\u1eb7c an effect on sth. Khi d\u00f9ng to influence; to affect ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb “on”.
\nEg: The climate affected (= influenced…) his health = the climate had an influence (= effect…) on his health.<\/li>\n - T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, s\u00fac v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i = to increase (= to augment; to speed up; to raise…) the capacity and production of trees and cattle.<\/li>\n
- \u00a0\u0110a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m = to diversify products; to give variety to products; to make products become diverse (= various; different…); to vary the kinds of products; to make different products…
\nEg: * Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m = Her factory is trying to diversify products (=… trying to make different products).
\n\u2666 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y xanh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng = The Government policy is to diversify production and grow trees to protect the environment.<\/li>\n - \u00a0Xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u1ea1n cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i = to basically eradicate the lending at high interest rate; to fundamentally stop the lending at heavy interest rate. Ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf to stop ho\u1eb7c to eradicate = to prevent; to hinder; to obstruct… Eg: To obstruct the passage of a bill through parliament = Ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n. = (to try to prevent a law being passed).
\n* I have much business that has hindered my answering your letter = T\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u01b0 b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 7<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Quy m\u00f4 cho vay = the scale of lending.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc = to be evenly (= equally…) expanded (= broadened; widened…) throughout the country.
\nEg: + You could widen your knowledge by attending such courses = B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.
\n+ Our foreign trade has been expanded (= broadened…) during recent years = N\u1ec1n ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m qua.<\/li>\n - \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai = exceptionally in mountainous provinces; especially in provinces having lots of mountains…<\/li>\n
- Nh\u1edd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho vay… nguy c\u01a1 gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 = thanks to (= owing due to…) expansion of lending, production households can gradually get out of unsuccessful business and out of the danger of being dissolved.
\nHo\u1eb7c: the expansion (= enlargement…) of lending helps production households to avoid unsuccessful affairs and the threat of being broken up. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay threat (n) (nguy c\u01a1, m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1) = misfortune (n); bad luck (n) (n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh.)…<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00c2U 8<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch: The above results are merely initial steps but they have affirmed the fact that the lending to production households is right agreeing with the way of renovating (= improving…) and developing agriculture and rural areas of the party as well as affirming the growth of the Vietnamese Bank for Agriculture.
\nHo\u1eb7c: The mentioned achievements are only the beginning stages but they have firmly (= definitely) denoted that the lending to production families is right and suitable for the way of renewing and developing agriculture and rural zones of the party as well as the growth of Vietnam Agricultural Bank.<\/li>\n - M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 as well (= also, too…) v\u00e0 as well as (idiom) (= in addition to being \/ doing sth).
\n* \u00d4ng ta d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u0169ng gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Hoa v\u1eady = He teaches English as well as he taught Chinese.
\nCh\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u1ed3ng hoa c\u0169ng gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng rau c\u1ea3i v\u1eady = She grows flowers as well as vegetables.
\nCh\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u = She is kind as well as sensible.
\nTuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y v\u0103n c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ca s\u0129 v\u1eady = Tu\u1ef5et is a talented literature teacher as well as being a singer.
\nNam mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Hoa c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh = Nam wants to improve (= to better) his English and his Chinese as well.
\nT\u00f4i s\u1eafp \u0111i V\u0169ng T\u00e0u v\u00e0 con g\u00e1i t\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady = I am going to Vung Tau (seaside town) and my daughter is coming as well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n